This case becomes more obvious when the difference between the lightest and darkest objects in a scene is beyond the response range of retina neurons. The multiple neuron layers in conjunction with the flexible modulation of neuron connection strengths facilitate proper human vision functionality even under highly dynamic conditions.
The process of converting the light reflected by objects to an image can be simply described as the stimulation of retinal neurons to produce an action potential transmitted to the visual cortex in the brain, which then generates coherent images. Artificial machine vision has been inspired by the high efficiency and cognitive capability of human vision systems. This large-scale monolithic chip based on 2D semiconductors shows multiple functions with light sensing, memory, and processing for artificial machine vision applications, exhibiting the potentials of 2D semiconductors for future electronics.Īrtificial machine vision plays a vital role in a wide range of applications, such as automotive, surveillance, and medical imaging fields ( 1, 2).
The vision chip allows the applications for contrast enhancement and noise reduction of image processing. Furthermore, we adopt a MoS 2 analog processing circuit to dynamically adjust the photocurrent of individual imaging sensor, which yields a high dynamic light-sensing range greater than 90 decibels. The light-sensing function with analog MoS 2 transistor circuits offers low noise and high photosensitivity. Here, we design and demonstrate a monolithic vision enhancement chip with light-sensing, memory, digital-to-analog conversion, and processing functions by implementing a 619-pixel with 8582 transistors and physical dimensions of 10 mm by 10 mm based on a wafer-scale two-dimensional (2D) monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2). The rapid development of machine vision applications demands hardware that can sense and process visual information in a single monolithic unit to avoid redundant data transfer.
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